Utah Boating Safety Course

CHECKING LOCAL HAZARDS

Before boating in any new or unfamiliar waterways, obtain local marine charts. If local charts are unavailable, consulting with local boaters and marinas is wise, as these sources usually have a wealth of knowledge about local hazards to avoid. Always consult with local authorities to obtain any local rules or restrictions, such as motorized operation restrictions or hours of operation and access to locking operations.

LOCAL HAZARDS TO BE WARY OF

• Whitewaterfrothing white-tipped water caused by the presence of turbulence, whitecaps, rapids, etc. areas can very easily drag a boat or person downstreamtowards the direction in which the current is flowing., where rocks and debris as well as a very strong, rushing current are cause for concern.
• Shoaling areas (marked and unmarked), these areas become shallow gradually and are often difficult to spot without local charts.
• Hazardous inlets can produce abnormal currenthorizontal movement of water; cause by the normal flow of a river or by the rise and fall of the tide.s or changes in water levels.
• Abnormal tidethe rise and fall of waters caused by the gravitational forces of the moon and sun.s or currents may affect your ability to properly navigate or steer your vessel.
• Low-head damsa type of dam which can be a threat to an unwary boater, swimmer, or wader due to the dangerous hydraulic it creates. pose a hazard both below and above the dam. The drop creates a hydraulicthe result of water going over a dam creating a back current or undertow that can pull a boat or a person into the turbulence and capsize. 'hole' at the base of the dam that can trap objects, or people. Boaters should always be on the lookout for warning signs or buoys indicating low-head dams.

Note: Low-head dams are especially hazardous to paddle craft. If you are paddling where a low-head dam is present, always portageThe act of carrying a boat or vessel overland between two waterways or around an obstacle to navigation. around the dam by carrying the boat and its cargo overland between the navigable waters. If you do get trapped in a hydraulic, tuck your chin down and hold your knees tight to your chest with your arms.

• Locks should always be approached at idle speed. One long blast followed by one short blast indicates intention to enter the lock. Military and commercial vessels have priority, so recreational boaters must wait for their turn. Stay clear of vessels entering/leaving the lock, and be mindful of barges and large craft that can create dangerous current, drawing smaller vessels into their path. Once the lockmaster directs you into the lock, proceed with caution. Always wear your PFD and remain seated. Wait for the lockmaster's signal before leaving the lock at idle speed.

• Powerlines are especially hazardous for sailing vessels, or vessels with a mast. Always make sure your vessel has enough clearance to safely go underneath the lines. If you are unsure, don't chance it.
• Low seasonal waters —remember that local charts show an average in water level. Generally waters are higher in the spring, and lower through the summer.
• Obstructions such as bridges, channel openings, commercial fishing nets etc.